Answers

Here are the answers to the questions given above:

1. Creating a new commit makes a new node in the graph of revisions that has a previous commit as a parent, advances the branch head ref for the current branch to the freshly created node, and keeps HEAD unchanged.
2. The git commit operation creates the new commit out of the staging area contents, while the git commit --all creates it out of the changes to all tracked files.
3. You can use git status to examine what files have changed and git diff or git diff HEAD to examine the changes. You can find the explanation of how to undo changes you have made in the full git status output.
4. To change the commit message (that is, the description of the changes) of the last commit, you can use git commit --amend.
5. Because uncommitted changes do not belong to a branch, you can simply create a new branch and switch to it with git switch -c <branch-name> or git checkout -b <branch-name>.
6. To switch to the previous...