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Data Cleaning and Exploration with Machine Learning

You're reading from   Data Cleaning and Exploration with Machine Learning Get to grips with machine learning techniques to achieve sparkling-clean data quickly

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Product type Paperback
Published in Aug 2022
Publisher Packt
ISBN-13 9781803241678
Length 542 pages
Edition 1st Edition
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Author (1):
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Michael Walker Michael Walker
Author Profile Icon Michael Walker
Michael Walker
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Table of Contents (23) Chapters Close

Preface 1. Section 1 – Data Cleaning and Machine Learning Algorithms
2. Chapter 1: Examining the Distribution of Features and Targets FREE CHAPTER 3. Chapter 2: Examining Bivariate and Multivariate Relationships between Features and Targets 4. Chapter 3: Identifying and Fixing Missing Values 5. Section 2 – Preprocessing, Feature Selection, and Sampling
6. Chapter 4: Encoding, Transforming, and Scaling Features 7. Chapter 5: Feature Selection 8. Chapter 6: Preparing for Model Evaluation 9. Section 3 – Modeling Continuous Targets with Supervised Learning
10. Chapter 7: Linear Regression Models 11. Chapter 8: Support Vector Regression 12. Chapter 9: K-Nearest Neighbors, Decision Tree, Random Forest, and Gradient Boosted Regression 13. Section 4 – Modeling Dichotomous and Multiclass Targets with Supervised Learning
14. Chapter 10: Logistic Regression 15. Chapter 11: Decision Trees and Random Forest Classification 16. Chapter 12: K-Nearest Neighbors for Classification 17. Chapter 13: Support Vector Machine Classification 18. Chapter 14: Naïve Bayes Classification 19. Section 5 – Clustering and Dimensionality Reduction with Unsupervised Learning
20. Chapter 15: Principal Component Analysis 21. Chapter 16: K-Means and DBSCAN Clustering 22. Other Books You May Enjoy

Using kernels with PCA

With some data, it is not possible to construct principal components that are linearly separable. This may not actually be easy to visualize in advance of our modeling. Fortunately, there are tools we can use to determine the kernel that will yield the best results, including a linear kernel. Kernel PCA with a linear kernel should perform similarly to standard PCA.

In this section, we will use kernel PCA for feature extraction with data on labor force participation rates, educational attainment, teenage birth frequency, and participation in politics by gender at the country level.

Note

This dataset on gender-based differences in educational and labor force outcomes is made available for public use by the United Nations Development Program at https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/undp/human-development. There is one record per country with aggregate employment, income, and education data by gender for 2015.

Let’s start building the model:

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