You're reading from Causal Inference and Discovery in Python Unlock the secrets of modern causal machine learning with DoWhy, EconML, PyTorch and more

Product type Paperback

Published in May 2023

Publisher Packt

ISBN-13 9781804612989

Length 456 pages

Edition 1st Edition

Languages

Python

Tools

PyTorch

Concepts

Data Science

Author (1):

Aleksander Molak

View More author details

Table of Contents (21) Chapters

Preface

1. Part 1: Causality – an Introduction

2. Chapter 1: Causality – Hey, We Have Machine Learning, So Why Even Bother? FREE CHAPTER

3. Chapter 2: Judea Pearl and the Ladder of Causation

4. Chapter 3: Regression, Observations, and Interventions

5. Chapter 4: Graphical Models

6. Chapter 5: Forks, Chains, and Immoralities

7. Part 2: Causal Inference

8. Chapter 6: Nodes, Edges, and Statistical (In)dependence

9. Chapter 7: The Four-Step Process of Causal Inference

10. Chapter 8: Causal Models – Assumptions and Challenges

11. Chapter 9: Causal Inference and Machine Learning – from Matching to Meta-Learners

12. Chapter 10: Causal Inference and Machine Learning – Advanced Estimators, Experiments, Evaluations, and More

13. Chapter 11: Causal Inference and Machine Learning – Deep Learning, NLP, and Beyond

14. Part 3: Causal Discovery

15. Chapter 12: Can I Have a Causal Graph, Please?

16. Chapter 13: Causal Discovery and Machine Learning – from Assumptions to Applications

17. Chapter 14: Causal Discovery and Machine Learning – Advanced Deep Learning and Beyond

18. Chapter 15: Epilogue

19. Index

20. Other Books You May Enjoy

Full example

This section is here to help us solidify our newly acquired knowledge. We’ll run a full causal inference process once again, step by step. We’ll introduce some new exciting elements on the way and – finally – we’ll translate the whole process to the new GCM API. By the end of this section, you will have the confidence and skills to apply the four-step causal inference process to your own problems.

Figure 7.4 presents a graphical model that we’ll use in this section:

Figure 7.4 – A graphical model that we’ll use in this section

We’ll generate 1,000 observations from an SCM following the structure from Figure 7.4 and store them in a data frame:

SAMPLE_SIZE = 1000
S = np.random.random(SAMPLE_SIZE)
Q = 0.2*S + 0.67*np.random.random(SAMPLE_SIZE)
X = 0.14*Q + 0.4*np.random.random(SAMPLE_SIZE)
Y = 0.7*X + 0.11*Q + 0.32*S +
    0.24*np.random.random(SAMPLE_SIZE...