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Transformers for Natural Language Processing

You're reading from   Transformers for Natural Language Processing Build, train, and fine-tune deep neural network architectures for NLP with Python, Hugging Face, and OpenAI's GPT-3, ChatGPT, and GPT-4

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Product type Paperback
Published in Mar 2022
Publisher Packt
ISBN-13 9781803247335
Length 602 pages
Edition 2nd Edition
Languages
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Author (1):
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Denis Rothman Denis Rothman
Author Profile Icon Denis Rothman
Denis Rothman
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Table of Contents (25) Chapters Close

Preface 1. What are Transformers? 2. Getting Started with the Architecture of the Transformer Model FREE CHAPTER 3. Fine-Tuning BERT Models 4. Pretraining a RoBERTa Model from Scratch 5. Downstream NLP Tasks with Transformers 6. Machine Translation with the Transformer 7. The Rise of Suprahuman Transformers with GPT-3 Engines 8. Applying Transformers to Legal and Financial Documents for AI Text Summarization 9. Matching Tokenizers and Datasets 10. Semantic Role Labeling with BERT-Based Transformers 11. Let Your Data Do the Talking: Story, Questions, and Answers 12. Detecting Customer Emotions to Make Predictions 13. Analyzing Fake News with Transformers 14. Interpreting Black Box Transformer Models 15. From NLP to Task-Agnostic Transformer Models 16. The Emergence of Transformer-Driven Copilots 17. The Consolidation of Suprahuman Transformers with OpenAI’s ChatGPT and GPT-4 18. Other Books You May Enjoy
19. Index
Appendix I — Terminology of Transformer Models 1. Appendix II — Hardware Constraints for Transformer Models 2. Appendix III — Generic Text Completion with GPT-2 3. Appendix IV — Custom Text Completion with GPT-2 4. Appendix V — Answers to the Questions

Downstream NLP Tasks with Transformers

Transformers reveal their full potential when we unleash pretrained models and watch them perform downstream Natural Language Understanding (NLU) tasks. It takes a lot of time and effort to pretrain and fine-tune a transformer model, but the effort is worthwhile when we see a multi-million parameter transformer model in action on a range of NLU tasks.

We will begin this chapter with the quest of outperforming the human baseline. The human baseline represents the performance of humans on an NLU task. Humans learn transduction at an early age and quickly develop inductive thinking. We humans perceive the world directly with our senses. Machine intelligence relies entirely on our perceptions transcribed into words to make sense of our language.

We will then see how to measure the performance of transformers. Measuring Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks remains a straightforward approach involving accuracy scores in various forms based...

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