Java is a cross-platform programming language that is commonly used to create both local and web applications. Its syntax was influenced by another object-oriented language called Smalltalk. Originally developed by Sun Microsystems and first released in 1995, it later became a part of the Oracle Corporation portfolio. At the moment, it is considered to be one of the most popular programming languages in use.
Java applications are compiled into the bytecode that's executed by Java Virtual Machines (JVMs). The idea here is to let applications that have been compiled once be used across all supported platforms without any changes required. There are multiple JVM implementations available on the market and at the time of writing (starting from Java 1.3), HotSpot JVM is the default official option. Its distinctive feature is its combination of the interpreter and the Just-in-Time (JIT) compiler that is able to compile bytecode to native machine instructions...