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Linux Kernel Programming

You're reading from  Linux Kernel Programming

Product type Book
Published in Mar 2021
Publisher Packt
ISBN-13 9781789953435
Pages 754 pages
Edition 1st Edition
Languages
Author (1):
Kaiwan N. Billimoria Kaiwan N. Billimoria
Profile icon Kaiwan N. Billimoria
Toc

Table of Contents (19) Chapters close

Preface 1. Section 1: The Basics
2. Kernel Workspace Setup 3. Building the 5.x Linux Kernel from Source - Part 1 4. Building the 5.x Linux Kernel from Source - Part 2 5. Writing Your First Kernel Module - LKMs Part 1 6. Writing Your First Kernel Module - LKMs Part 2 7. Section 2: Understanding and Working with the Kernel
8. Kernel Internals Essentials - Processes and Threads 9. Memory Management Internals - Essentials 10. Kernel Memory Allocation for Module Authors - Part 1 11. Kernel Memory Allocation for Module Authors - Part 2 12. The CPU Scheduler - Part 1 13. The CPU Scheduler - Part 2 14. Section 3: Delving Deeper
15. Kernel Synchronization - Part 1 16. Kernel Synchronization - Part 2 17. About Packt 18. Other Books You May Enjoy

The __init and __exit keywords

A niggling leftover: what exactly are the __init and __exit macros we see within the preceding function signatures? These are merely memory optimization attributes inserted by the linker.

The __init macro defines an init.text section for code. Similarly, any data declared with the __initdata attribute goes into an init.data section. The whole point here is the code and data in the init function is used exactly once during initialization. Once it's invoked, it will never be called again; so, once called, it is then freed up (via free_initmem()).

The deal is similar with the __exit macro, though, of course, this only makes sense with kernel modules. Once the cleanup function is called, all the memory is freed. If the code were instead part of the static kernel image (or if module support were disabled), this macro would have no effect.

Fine, but so far, we have...

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