Writing higher-order mappings and filters

Python's two built-in higher-order functions, map() and filter(), generally handle almost everything we might want to throw at them. It's difficult to optimize them in a general way to achieve higher performance. We'll look at functions of Python 3.4, such as imap(), ifilter(), and ifilterfalse(), in Chapter 8, The Itertools Module.

We have three, largely equivalent ways to express a mapping. Assume that we have some function, f(x), and some collection of objects, C. We have three entirely equivalent ways to express a mapping; they are as follows:

• The map() function:

map(f, C) 

• A generator expression:

(f(x) for x in C) 

• A generator function with a yield statement:

def mymap(f, C): 
    for x in C: 
        yield f(x) 
mymap(f, C) 

Similarly, we have three ways to apply a filter function to a collection, all of which are equivalent:

• The filter() function:

filter(f, C) 

• A generator expression:

(x for x in C if f(x)) 

• A generator function with a yield statement...