Visualforce is a framework of components that allows you to build custom user interfaces (UIs) for mobile and desktop apps that are hosted on the Lightning Platform. With Visualforce, you can extend existing (built-in) Salesforce functionality, but you can also build your application from scratch. You can also combine the old Visualforce technology with the Lightning Experience styling so that the user won't see the difference between your Visualforce page and a Lightning component. Be careful, though: not every standard Visualforce component is supported in the Lightning styling.
Each Visualforce page has its own URL. The URL always starts with your default organization URL (or the URL of an installed app). After the base URL, you will find /apex and, after this path, you will find the name of your page. So, if the name of the...