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Machine Learning with R

You're reading from   Machine Learning with R Learn techniques for building and improving machine learning models, from data preparation to model tuning, evaluation, and working with big data

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Product type Paperback
Published in May 2023
Publisher Packt
ISBN-13 9781801071321
Length 762 pages
Edition 4th Edition
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Author (1):
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Brett Lantz Brett Lantz
Author Profile Icon Brett Lantz
Brett Lantz
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Table of Contents (18) Chapters Close

Preface 1. Introducing Machine Learning 2. Managing and Understanding Data FREE CHAPTER 3. Lazy Learning – Classification Using Nearest Neighbors 4. Probabilistic Learning – Classification Using Naive Bayes 5. Divide and Conquer – Classification Using Decision Trees and Rules 6. Forecasting Numeric Data – Regression Methods 7. Black-Box Methods – Neural Networks and Support Vector Machines 8. Finding Patterns – Market Basket Analysis Using Association Rules 9. Finding Groups of Data – Clustering with k-means 10. Evaluating Model Performance 11. Being Successful with Machine Learning 12. Advanced Data Preparation 13. Challenging Data – Too Much, Too Little, Too Complex 14. Building Better Learners 15. Making Use of Big Data 16. Other Books You May Enjoy
17. Index

Understanding clustering

Clustering is an unsupervised machine learning task that automatically divides the data into clusters, or groups of similar items. It does this without having been told how the groups should look ahead of time. Because we do not tell the machine specifically what we’re looking for, clustering is used for knowledge discovery rather than prediction. It provides an insight into the natural groupings found within data.

Without advanced knowledge of what comprises a cluster, how can a computer possibly know where one group ends and another begins? The answer is simple: clustering is guided by the principle that items inside a cluster should be very similar to each other, but very different from those outside. The definition of similarity might vary across applications, but the basic idea is always the same: group the data such that related elements are placed together.

The resulting clusters can then be used for action. For instance, you might find...

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