The evolution of cloud computing

The evolution of the cloud is shown in the following diagram:

Figure 2.1: The evolution of the cloud

The evolution of the cloud started in the 1950s and concepts such as service-oriented architecture, virtualization, autonomic, and utility computing are the stepping stones of today's cloud computing:

1. In the 1950s, mainframe computers were shared among various users through dumb terminals to save costs and enable the efficient use of resources.

2. In the 1970s, virtual machines (VMs) were developed to overcome the disadvantages of earlier technologies. VMs enabled us to run more than one different operating system (OS) simultaneously in isolated environments, providing all essential resources (such as CPU, disk controllers, RAM, and NICs) individually to all VMs.
3. In the 1990s, telecom companies started dedicated point-to-point data circuits...