Understanding Mongoose schemas

Connecting to your MongoDB instance was the first step but the real magic of the Mongoose module is the ability to define a document schema. As you already know, MongoDB uses collections to store multiple documents, which aren't required to have the same structure. However, when dealing with objects, it is sometime necessary for documents to be similar. Mongoose uses a Schema object to define the document list of properties, each with its own type and constraints, to enforce the document structure. After specifying a schema, you will go on to define a Model constructor that you'll use to create instances of MongoDB documents. In this section, you'll learn how to define a user schema and model, and how to use a model instance to create, retrieve, and update user documents.

Creating the user schema and model

To create your first schema, go to the app/models folder and create a new file named user.server.model.js. In this file, paste the following...