NumPy Arrays

Let's learn how to create a NumPy array in Python.

First, we need to import the NumPy module using the import numpy as np command. Here, np is used as an alias. This means that instead of writing numpy.function_name, we can use np.function_name.

We will have a look at four ways of creating a NumPy array:

• Array filled with zeros – the np.zeros command
• Array filled with ones – the np.ones command
• Array filled with random numbers – the np.random.rand command
• Array filled with values specified – the np.array command

Let's start with the np.zeros and np.ones commands. There are two important arguments for these functions:

• The shape of the array. For a 2D array, this is (number of rows, number of columns).
• The data type of the elements. By default, NumPy uses floating-point numbers for its data types. For images, we will use unsigned 8-bit integers – np.uint8. The reason behind this is...