Chapter 1, An Introduction to Inheritance and Polymorphism

1. Objects and classes are the building blocks of a C++ program. By combining data and algorithms (code) into a single unit, the C++ program represents the components of the system that it models, as well as their interactions.
2. Public inheritance represents an is-a relationship between objects—an object of the derived class can be used as if it was an object of the base class. This relation implies that the interface of the base class, with its invariants and restrictions, is also a valid interface for the derived class.Unlike public inheritance, private inheritance says nothing about the interfaces. It expresses a has-a or is implemented in terms of relationship. The derived class reuses the implementation provided by the base class. For the most part, the same can be accomplished by composition. Composition should be preferred when possible; however, empty base optimization and (less often) virtual method overrides...