Preface

Rust is a powerful language with a rare combination of safety, speed, and zero-cost abstractions. This Learning Path is filled with clear and simple explanations of its features along with real-world examples, demonstrating how you can build robust, scalable, and reliable programs.

You'll get started with an introduction to Rust data structures, algorithms, and essential language constructs. Next, you will understand how to store data using linked lists, arrays, stacks, and queues. You'll also learn to implement sorting and searching algorithms, such as Brute Force algorithms, Greedy algorithms, Dynamic Programming, and Backtracking. As you progress, you'll pick up on using Rust for systems programming, network programming, and the web. You'll then move on to discover a variety of techniques, right from writing memory-safe code, to building idiomatic Rust libraries, and even advanced macros.

By the end of this Learning Path, you'll be able to implement Rust for enterprise projects, writing better tests and documentation, designing for performance, and creating idiomatic Rust code.

This Learning Path includes content from the following Packt products:

• Mastering Rust - Second Edition by Rahul Sharma and Vesa Kaihlavirta
• Hands-On Data Structures and Algorithms with Rust by Claus Matzinger

Who this book is for

If you are already familiar with an imperative language and now want to progress from being a beginner to an intermediate-level Rust programmer, this Learning Path is for you. Developers who are already familiar with Rust and want to delve deeper into the essential data structures and algorithms in Rust will also find this Learning Path useful.

What this book covers

Chapter 1, Getting Started with Rust, gives a brief history on Rust and the motivation behind its design, and covers basic language syntax. The chapter ends with an exercise covering all the language features.

Chapter 2, Managing Projects with Cargo, shows how Rust organizes large projects with its dedicated package manager. This serves as the basis for further chapters. It also covers editor integration with the Visual Studio Code editor.

Chapter 3, Tests, Documentation, and Benchmarks, explores the built-in testing harness, writing unit tests, integration tests, and how to write documentation in Rust. We also cover the benchmarking facilities of Rust code. Later, as a final exercise, we build a complete crate with documentation and tests.

Chapter 4, Types, Generics, and Traits, explores Rust's expressive type system and goes on to explain various ways of using the type system by building a complex number library.

Chapter 5, Memory Management and Safety, starts with the motivation for memory management and the various pitfalls in conventional low-level programming languages related to memory. It then moves toward explaining Rust's unique compile-time memory management ideas. We also explain various smart pointer types in Rust.

Chapter 6, Error Handling, starts with the motivation for error handling and explores different models of error handling in other languages. The chapter then examine Rust's error-handling strategy and types, before exploring handling errors in non-recoverable situations. The chapter ends with a library implementing custom error types.

Chapter 7, Advanced Concepts, explores some of the concepts already introduced in previous chapters, in more detail. It provides details on the underlying model of some of the type system abstractions provided by Rust.

Chapter 8, Concurrency, explores Rust's concurrency models and APIs in the standard libraries and teaches you how to build highly concurrent programs with no data races.

Chapter 9, Metaprogramming with Macros, examines how you can write code to generate code using the powerful and advanced macro construct of Rust, and outlines the language's declarative and procedural macros by building both types of macros.

 

Chapter 10, Unsafe Rust and Foreign Function Interfaces, explores the unsafe mode of Rust and the APIs on offer for interoperating Rust with other languages. The examples includes both calling into Rust from other languages, such as Python, Node.js, and C, as well as covering how Rust can be called from other languages.

Chapter 11, Logging, explains why logging is an important practice in software development, answering why we need logging frameworks, and exploring the crates on offer in the Rust ecosystem that can be used to help integrate logging into the application.

Chapter 12, Network Programming in Rust Sync, gives a brief introduction to network programming. After going through the basics, the chapter covers building a Redis server that can talk to the official Redis client. Lastly, the chapter explains how to use the standard library networking primitives and the Tokio and futures crates.

Chapter 13, Building Web Applications with Rust, starts by exploring the HTTP protocol and builds a simple URL shortener server using the hyper crate, followed by building a URL shortener client using the reqwest crate. In the end, we explore actix-web, a highperformance Async web application framework to build a bookmarks API server.

Chapter 14, Lists, Lists, and More Lists, covers the first data structures: lists. Using several examples, this chapter goes into variations of sequential data structures and their implementations.

Chapter 15, Robust Trees, continues our journey through popular data structures: trees are next on the list. In several detailed examples, we explore the inner workings of these efficient designs and how they improve application performance considerably.

Chapter 16, Exploring Maps and Sets, explores the most popular key-value stores: maps. In this chapter, techniques surrounding hash maps; hashing; and their close relative, the set; are described in detail.

Chapter 17, Collections in Rust, attempts to connect to the Rust programmer's daily life, going into the details of the Rust std::collections library, which contains the various data structures provided by the Rust standard library.

Chapter 18, Algorithm Evaluation, teaches you how to evaluate and compare algorithms.

Chapter 19, Ordering Things, will look at sorting values, an important task in programming—this chapter uncovers how that can be done quickly and safely.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Chapter 20, Finding Stuff, moves onto searching, which is especially important if there is no fundamental data structure to support it. In these cases, we use algorithms to be able to quickly find what we are looking for.

Chapter 21, Random and Combinatorial, is where we will see that, outside of sorting and searching, there are many problems that can be tackled algorithmically. This chapter is all about those: random number generation, backtracking, and improving computational complexities.

Chapter 22, Algorithms of the Standard Library, explores how the Rust standard library does things when it comes to everyday algorithmic tasks such as sorting and searching.

To get the most out of this book

To really grasp the content of this book, it is recommended that you write out the example code and try fiddling with code to get familiar with the Rust's error messages, so they can guide you toward writing correct programs. You can either use Linux or Windows OS.

Here are a few recommendations for text editors and other tools:

• Microsoft's Visual Studio Code (https://code.visualstudio.com/), arguably one of the best Rust code editors
• Rust support for Visual Studio Code via a plugin (https://github.com/rust-lang/rls-vscode)
• Rust Language Server (RLS), found at https://github.com/rust-lang/rls-vscode, installed via rustup (https://rustup.rs/)
• Debugging support using the LLDB frontend plugin (https://github.com/vadimcn/vscode-lldb) for Visual Studio Code.

Download the example code files

You can download the example code files for this book from your account at www.packt.com. If you purchased this book elsewhere, you can visit www.packt.com/support and register to have the files emailed directly to you.

You can download the code files by following these steps:

1. Log in or register at www.packt.com.
2. Select the SUPPORT tab.
3. Click on Code Downloads & Errata.
4. Enter the name of the book in the Search box and follow the onscreen instructions.

Once the file is downloaded, please make sure that you unzip or extract the folder using the latest version of:

• WinRAR/7-Zip for Windows
• Zipeg/iZip/UnRarX for Mac
• 7-Zip/PeaZip for Linux

The code bundle for the book is also hosted on GitHub at https://github.com/PacktPublishing/The-Complete-Rust-Programming-Reference-Guide. In case there's an update to the code, it will be updated on the existing GitHub repository.

We also have other code bundles from our rich catalog of books and videos available at https://github.com/PacktPublishing/. Check them out!

Conventions used

There are a number of text conventions used throughout this book.

CodeInText: Indicates code words in text, database table names, folder names, filenames, file extensions, pathnames, dummy URLs, user input, and Twitter handles. Here is an example: "However, it makes the whole thing safe—thanks toRefCells checking borrowing rules at runtime."

A block of code is set as follows:

struct Node {
value: i32,
next: Option<Node>
}

Bold: Indicates a new term, an important word, or words that you see onscreen. For example, words in menus or dialog boxes appear in the text like this. Here is an example: "Select System info from the Administration panel"

 

Note

Warnings or important notes appear like this.

Note

Tips and tricks appear like this.

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