This section explains concepts regarding IP addresses and ports, network interfaces in a local machine, and other concepts related to protocols, such as Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) and DNS.
Protocol concepts and the problems that protocols solve
IP addresses and ports
IP addresses are addresses that help to uniquely identify a device over the internet. A port is an endpoint for communication in an operating system.
When you connect to the internet, your device is assigned a public IP address, and each website you visit also has a public IP address. So far, we have used IPv4 as an addressing system. The main problem with this is that the internet is running out of IPv4 public address space and so it is necessary...