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Elasticsearch 5.x Cookbook
Elasticsearch 5.x Cookbook

Elasticsearch 5.x Cookbook: Distributed Search and Analytics , Third Edition

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Elasticsearch 5.x Cookbook

Chapter 1. Getting Started

In this chapter, we will cover the following recipes:

  • Understanding node and cluster

  • Understanding node services

  • Managing your data

  • Understanding cluster, replication, and sharding

  • Communicating with Elasticsearch

  • Using the HTTP protocol

  • Using the native protocol

Introduction


To efficiently use Elasticsearch, it is very important to understand its design and working.

The goal of this chapter is to give the readers an overview of the basic concepts of Elasticsearch and to be a quick reference for them. It's essential to better understand them to not fall in common pitfalls due to the lack of know-how about Elasticsearch architecture and internals.

The key concepts that we will see in this chapter are node, index, shard, type/mapping, document, and field.

Elasticsearch can be used in several ways such as:

  • Search engine, which is its main usage

  • Analytics framework via its powerful aggregation system

  • Data store, mainly for log

A brief description of the Elasticsearch logic helps the user to improve performance, search quality and decide when and how to optimize the infrastructure to improve scalability and availability. Some details on data replications and base node communication processes are also explained in the upcoming section, Understanding cluster, replication, and sharding.

At the end of this chapter, the protocols used to manage Elasticsearch are also discussed.

Understanding node and cluster


Every instance of Elasticsearch is called node. Several nodes are grouped in a cluster. This is the base of the cloud nature of Elasticsearch.

Getting ready

To better understand the following sections, knowledge of the basic concepts such as application node and cluster are required.

How it work...

One or more Elasticsearch nodes can be setup on physical or a virtual server depending on the available resources such as RAM, CPUs, and disk space.

A default node allows us to store data in it and to process requests and responses. (In Chapter 2, Downloading and Setup, we will see details on how to set up different nodes and cluster topologies).

When a node is started, several actions take place during its startup: such as:

  • Configuration is read from the environment variables and from the elasticsearch.yml configuration file

  • A node name is set by config file or chosen from a list of built-in random names

  • Internally, the Elasticsearch engine initializes all the modules and plugins that are available in the current installation

After node startup, the node searches for other cluster members and checks its index and shard status.

To join two or more nodes in a cluster, these rules must be matched:

  • The version of Elasticsearch must be the same (2.3, 5.0, and so on), otherwise the join is rejected

  • The cluster name must be the same

The network must be configured to support broadcast discovery (default) and they can communicate with each other. (Refer to How to setup networking recipe Chapter 2, Downloading and Setup).

A common approach in cluster management is to have one or more master nodes, which is the main reference for all cluster-level actions, and the other ones called secondary, that replicate the master data and actions.

To be consistent in write operations, all the update actions are first committed in the master node and then replicated in secondary ones.

In a cluster with multiple nodes, if a master node dies, a master-eligible one is elected to be the new master. This approach allows automatic failover to be setup in an Elasticsearch cluster.

There's more...

In Elasticsearch, we have four kinds of nodes:

  • Master nodes that are able to process REST (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Representational_state_transfer) responses and all other operations of search. During every action execution, Elasticsearch generally executes actions using a MapReduce approach (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MapReduce): the non data node is responsible for distributing the actions to the underlying shards (map) and collecting/aggregating the shard results (reduce) to send a final response. They may use a huge amount of RAM due to operations such as aggregations, collecting hits, and caching (that is, scan/scroll queries).

  • Data nodes that are able to store data in them. They contain the indices shards that store the indexed documents as Lucene indexes.

  • Ingest nodes that are able to process ingestion pipeline (new in Elasticsearch 5.x).

  • Client nodes (no master and no data) that are used to do processing in a way; if something bad happens (out of memory or bad queries), they are able to be killed/restarted without data loss or reduced cluster stability. Using the standard configuration, a node is both master, data container and ingest node.

In big cluster architectures, having some nodes as simple client nodes with a lot of RAM, with no data, reduces the resources required by data nodes and improves performance in search using the local memory cache of them.

See also

  • The Setting up a single node, Setting a multi node cluster and Setting up different node types recipes in Chapter 2, Downloading and Setup.

Left arrow icon Right arrow icon

Key benefits

  • Deploy and manage simple Elasticsearch nodes as well as complex cluster topologies
  • Write native plugins to extend the functionalities of Elasticsearch 5.x to boost your business
  • Packed with clear, step-by-step recipes to walk you through the capabilities of Elasticsearch 5.x

Description

Elasticsearch is a Lucene-based distributed search server that allows users to index and search unstructured content with petabytes of data. This book is your one-stop guide to master the complete Elasticsearch ecosystem. We’ll guide you through comprehensive recipes on what’s new in Elasticsearch 5.x, showing you how to create complex queries and analytics, and perform index mapping, aggregation, and scripting. Further on, you will explore the modules of Cluster and Node monitoring and see ways to back up and restore a snapshot of an index. You will understand how to install Kibana to monitor a cluster and also to extend Kibana for plugins. Finally, you will also see how you can integrate your Java, Scala, Python, and Big Data applications such as Apache Spark and Pig with Elasticsearch, and add enhanced functionalities with custom plugins. By the end of this book, you will have an in-depth knowledge of the implementation of the Elasticsearch architecture and will be able to manage data efficiently and effectively with Elasticsearch.

Who is this book for?

If you are a developer who wants to get the most out of Elasticsearch for advanced search and analytics, this is the book for you. Some understanding of JSON is expected. If you want to extend Elasticsearch, understanding of Java and related technologies is also required.

What you will learn

  • Choose the best Elasticsearch cloud topology to deploy and power it up with external plugins
  • Develop tailored mapping to take full control of index steps
  • Build complex queries through managing indices and documents
  • Optimize search results through executing analytics aggregations
  • Monitor the performance of the cluster and nodes
  • Install Kibana to monitor cluster and extend Kibana for plugins
  • Integrate Elasticsearch in Java, Scala, Python and Big Data applications
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Publication date, Length, Edition, Language, ISBN-13
Publication date : Feb 06, 2017
Length: 696 pages
Edition : 3rd
Language : English
ISBN-13 : 9781786465580
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Language : English
ISBN-13 : 9781786465580
Vendor :
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Table of Contents

18 Chapters
Getting Started Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Downloading and Setup Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Managing Mappings Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Basic Operations Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Search Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Text and Numeric Queries Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Relationships and Geo Queries Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Aggregations Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Scripting Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Managing Clusters and Nodes Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Backup and Restore Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
User Interfaces Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Ingest Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Java Integration Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Scala Integration Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Python Integration Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Plugin Development Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Big Data Integration Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Customer reviews

Rating distribution
Full star icon Full star icon Half star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon 2.5
(4 Ratings)
5 star 0%
4 star 0%
3 star 50%
2 star 50%
1 star 0%
Charles Apr 15, 2017
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon 3
The book contains many single recipes for many things people do with elastic.For instance 1 recipe is "indexing a document" and another is "aggregation with a filter"The recipes are nothing you can't find online and some of them are worthless, like a good chunk of the book are recipes for scala and python apis which don't really belong in a book about elasticsearch. There's also a lot written on plugin development and web UIs for elastic..I would recommend it if you need an elastic reference for when google is unavailable - and there's a few good tips on in depth technical stuff but its not a great book if you want to learn advanced elasticsearch things you can't find online.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Rajeev Goel Sep 25, 2017
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon 3
Not upto mark, Coding examples are using syntax from Elasticsearch -5.0. Advanced features are not explained well.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
jbdemonte Mar 23, 2017
Full star icon Full star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon 2
Je m'attendais à un vrai cookbook, j'ai rien trouvé de plus dans ce boucain que je n'avais dans les autres
Amazon Verified review Amazon
G.S May 10, 2018
Full star icon Full star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon 2
Not well written, apparently written in another language originally and translated to English and it shows.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
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