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Apache Camel Developer's Cookbook
Apache Camel Developer's Cookbook

Apache Camel Developer's Cookbook: For Apache Camel developers, this is the book you'll always want to have handy. It's stuffed full of great recipes that are designed for quick practical application. Expands your Apache Camel abilities immediately.

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Apache Camel Developer's Cookbook

Chapter 2. Message Routing

In this chapter, we will cover the following recipes:

  • Content Based Routing
  • Filtering out unwanted messages
  • Wire Tap – sending a copy of the message elsewhere
  • Multicast – routing the same message to many endpoints
  • Recipient List – routing a message to a list of endpoints
  • Throttler – restricting the number of messages flowing to an endpoint
  • Request-response route sending a one-way message
  • One-way route waiting on a request-response endpoint
  • Dynamic Routing – making routing decisions at runtime
  • Load balancing across a number of endpoints
  • Routing Slip – routing a message to a fixed list of endpoints

Introduction

This chapter explains how to make use of Camel's built-in EIPs (Enterprise Integration Patterns) to write typical integration logic. Once a message is consumed from an endpoint, you will want to make decisions about what steps should be taken to process it (such as routing), and these EIPs provide you with many different message routing options. The EIPs are used within routes defined by the Camel DSLs (Domain Specific Language).

The EIPs are first class constructs within the DSL. As such, your integration logic will be able to more clearly express how the message is being routed–that is, which EIP is being used. The more you can use these EIP DSL statements within your Camel code, versus doing a lot of routing within custom Java processors, the easier it will be for you and others to understand what the Camel route is doing for future maintenance. This is a key value of Camel, so take full advantage of it within your code, and you will find that you have gained...

Content Based Routing

When you need to route messages based on the content of the message, and/or based on the headers or properties associated with the message, using Camel's Content Based Router EIP is a great way to do that.

Content Based Routing

Content Based Routing and Filtering are very similar. A Content Based Router has multiple predicates, and the contained steps are performed on the first predicate that the message matches, or the optional otherwise statement if none matches (similar to an if () {..} else if () {..} else {..} statement in Java).

Camel's Filter EIP tests against a single predicate, executing the contained processing steps only if the message matches that predicate. The equivalent of a Filter in Java would be a single if statement.

In this recipe, we will see how to use a Content Based Router to route a message to one of the several destinations based on the content (the body) of the message.

Getting ready

The Java code for this recipe is located in the org.camelcookbook.routing...

Filtering out unwanted messages

When you need to perform a sequence of steps only when a message matches a certain condition (Predicate), then a Filter is a good option.

Filtering out unwanted messages

Content Based Routing and Filtering are very similar. Filtering processes a message only if it matches the single predicate provided (much like a single if statement).

A Content Based Router routes a message based on the first of the multiple predicates, or the optional otherwise statement if none of the provided predicates matched (similar to an if () {..} else if () {..} else {..} statement in Java).

This recipe will show you how to perform message processing steps only on those messages that match a specified predicate.

Getting ready

The Java code for this recipe is located in the org.camelcookbook.routing.filtering package. The Spring XML files are located under src/main/resources/META-INF/spring and prefixed with filtering.

How to do it...

Create a filter statement followed by a predicate using any of the Camel Expression...

Wire Tap – sending a copy of the message elsewhere

When you want to process the current message in the background (concurrently) to the main route, without requiring a response, the Wire Tap EIP can help. A typical use case for this is logging the message to a backend system. The main thread of execution will continue to process the message through the current route as usual, while Wire Tap allows additional messaging processing to occur outside of the main route.

Wire Tap – sending a copy of the message elsewhere

This recipe will show you how to send a copy of the message to a different endpoint.

Getting ready

The Java code for this recipe is located in the org.camelcookbook.routing.wiretap package. The Spring XML files are located under src/main/resources/META-INF/spring and prefixed with wireTap.

How to do it...

Use the wireTap statement and specify the endpoint URI of where to send a copy of the message.

In the XML DSL, this is written as follows:

<route>
  <from uri="direct:start"/>
  <wireTap uri="mock...

Multicast – routing the same message to many endpoints

When you want to route the same message to a number of endpoints and have them process the message in different ways, the Multicast EIP is a good choice.

This recipe will show you the default, sequential way to use Camel's Multicast EIP. Chapter 6, Parallel Processing, contains a recipe for using Multicast with concurrency (threads).

Getting ready

The Java code for this recipe is located in the org.camelcookbook.routing.multicast package. The Spring XML files are located under src/main/resources/META-INF/spring and prefixed with multicast.

How to do it...

Use the multicast DSL statement, and list the endpoints and processing steps within it.

In the XML DSL, this routing logic is written as:

<route>
  <from uri="direct:start"/>
  <multicast>
    <to uri="mock:first"/>
    <to uri="mock:second"/>
    <to uri="mock:third"/>
  </multicast>
</route...

Recipient List – routing a message to a list of endpoints

When you want to dynamically (at runtime) decide a list of endpoints that an individual message should be sent to, use the Recipient List EIP. This EIP is made up of two phases: deciding where to route the message, and subsequently invoking those route steps. It can be thought of as a dynamic Multicast, and behaves in much the same way.

Recipient List – routing a message to a list of endpoints

This recipe will show you how to route a message to a number of dynamically specified endpoints.

Getting ready

The Java code for this recipe is located in the org.camelcookbook.routing.recipientlist package. The Spring XML files are located under src/main/resources/META-INF/spring and prefixed with recipientList.

How to do it...

Use the recipientList DSL statement, which includes an Expression that tells it where to get, the list of endpoints for routing the message at runtime.

In the XML DSL, this routing logic is written as:

<route>
  <from uri="direct:start"/>
  <setHeader...

Throttler – restricting the number of messages flowing to an endpoint

When you need to limit the number of messages flowing through a route during a specified time period, the Throttler EIP can help. For example, if you have a downstream system that can only handle 10 requests per second, using a Throttler EIP within your route can ensure that you do not exceed that rate.

This recipe will show you how to restrict the number of messages routed to a set of endpoints during a specified time period.

Getting ready

The Java code for this recipe is located in the org.camelcookbook.routing.throttler package. The Spring XML files are located under src/main/resources/META-INF/spring and prefixed with throttler.

How to do it...

In order to use the Throttler, perform the following steps:

  1. You must specify the maximum number of messages to be allowed per time period (defaults to 1,000 ms).

    In the XML DSL, this is specified as an Expression to allow for the maximum rate to be changed at runtime. In this...

Request-response route sending a one-way message

When processing a message in a Request-Response (InOut) route, you sometimes need to send the message to an endpoint, but do not want to receive a response. This recipe shows you how to invoke such an endpoint using the InOnly MEP.

The MEP used can radically alter the behavior of an endpoint. For example, if you invoke a JMS endpoint within a request-response (InOut) route, it will send a message to a queue and set up a listener on a temporary destination waiting for a response; this is known as request-response over messaging. If the consumer of the message on the other side of the queue has not been written to send a response message, your route will wait indefinitely (or as long as the configurable timeout of the component).

This recipe shows how you can alter the MEP temporarily in order to send messages one way in a request-response route.

Getting ready

The Java code for this recipe is located in the org.camelcookbook.routing.changingmep...

Introduction


This chapter explains how to make use of Camel's built-in EIPs (Enterprise Integration Patterns) to write typical integration logic. Once a message is consumed from an endpoint, you will want to make decisions about what steps should be taken to process it (such as routing), and these EIPs provide you with many different message routing options. The EIPs are used within routes defined by the Camel DSLs (Domain Specific Language).

The EIPs are first class constructs within the DSL. As such, your integration logic will be able to more clearly express how the message is being routed–that is, which EIP is being used. The more you can use these EIP DSL statements within your Camel code, versus doing a lot of routing within custom Java processors, the easier it will be for you and others to understand what the Camel route is doing for future maintenance. This is a key value of Camel, so take full advantage of it within your code, and you will find that you have gained more flexibility...

Content Based Routing


When you need to route messages based on the content of the message, and/or based on the headers or properties associated with the message, using Camel's Content Based Router EIP is a great way to do that.

Content Based Routing and Filtering are very similar. A Content Based Router has multiple predicates, and the contained steps are performed on the first predicate that the message matches, or the optional otherwise statement if none matches (similar to an if () {..} else if () {..} else {..} statement in Java).

Camel's Filter EIP tests against a single predicate, executing the contained processing steps only if the message matches that predicate. The equivalent of a Filter in Java would be a single if statement.

In this recipe, we will see how to use a Content Based Router to route a message to one of the several destinations based on the content (the body) of the message.

Getting ready

The Java code for this recipe is located in the org.camelcookbook.routing.contentbasedrouter...

Filtering out unwanted messages


When you need to perform a sequence of steps only when a message matches a certain condition (Predicate), then a Filter is a good option.

Content Based Routing and Filtering are very similar. Filtering processes a message only if it matches the single predicate provided (much like a single if statement).

A Content Based Router routes a message based on the first of the multiple predicates, or the optional otherwise statement if none of the provided predicates matched (similar to an if () {..} else if () {..} else {..} statement in Java).

This recipe will show you how to perform message processing steps only on those messages that match a specified predicate.

Getting ready

The Java code for this recipe is located in the org.camelcookbook.routing.filtering package. The Spring XML files are located under src/main/resources/META-INF/spring and prefixed with filtering.

How to do it...

Create a filter statement followed by a predicate using any of the Camel Expression...

Wire Tap – sending a copy of the message elsewhere


When you want to process the current message in the background (concurrently) to the main route, without requiring a response, the Wire Tap EIP can help. A typical use case for this is logging the message to a backend system. The main thread of execution will continue to process the message through the current route as usual, while Wire Tap allows additional messaging processing to occur outside of the main route.

This recipe will show you how to send a copy of the message to a different endpoint.

Getting ready

The Java code for this recipe is located in the org.camelcookbook.routing.wiretap package. The Spring XML files are located under src/main/resources/META-INF/spring and prefixed with wireTap.

How to do it...

Use the wireTap statement and specify the endpoint URI of where to send a copy of the message.

In the XML DSL, this is written as follows:

<route>
  <from uri="direct:start"/>
  <wireTap uri="mock:tapped"/>
  <to...
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Key benefits

  • A practical guide to using Apache Camel delivered in dozens of small, useful recipes.
  • Written in a Cookbook format that allows you to quickly look up the features you need, delivering the most important steps to perform with a brief follow-on explanation of what's happening under the covers.
  • The recipes cover the full range of Apache Camel usage from creating initial integrations, transformations and routing, debugging, monitoring, security, and more.

Description

Apache Camel is a de-facto standard for developing integrations in Java, and is based on well-understood Enterprise Integration Patterns. It is used within many commercial and open source integration products. Camel makes common integration tasks easy while still providing the developer with the means to customize the framework when the situation demands it. Tasks such as protocol mediation, message routing and transformation, and auditing are common usages of Camel. Apache Camel Developer's Cookbook provides hundreds of best practice tips for using Apache Camel in a format that helps you build your Camel projects. Each tip or recipe provides you with the most important steps to perform along with a summary of how it works, with references to further reading if you need more information. This book is intended to be a reliable information source that is quicker to use than an Internet search. Apache Camel Developer's Cookbook is a quick lookup guide that can also be read from cover to cover if you want to get a sense of the full power of Apache Camel. This book provides coverage of the full lifecycle of creating Apache Camel-based integration projects, including the structure of your Camel code and using the most common Enterprise Integration patterns. Patterns like Split/Join and Aggregation are covered in depth in this book. Throughout this book, you will be learning steps to transform your data. You will also learn how to perform unit and integration testing of your code using Camel's extensive testing framework, and also strategies for debugging and monitoring your code. Advanced topics like Error Handling, Parallel Processing, Transactions, and Security will also be covered in this book. This book provides you with practical tips on using Apache Camel based on years of hands-on experience from hundreds of integration projects.

Who is this book for?

Apache Camel Developer's Cookbook is intended for developers who have some familiarity with Apache Camel and who want a quick lookup reference to practical, proven tips on how to perform common tasks. Every recipe also includes a summary and reference pointers for more details that make it easy for you to get a deeper understanding of the Apache Camel capabilities that you will use day to day.

What you will learn

  • Learn ways to structure your Camel projectsUnderstand common Enterprise Integration Pattern usageTransform your messagesUse Camel s built-in testing frameworkExtend Camel to better interoperate with your existing codeLearn the strategies for Error HandlingUse Camel s parallel processing and threading capabilitiesSecure your Camel integration routesUnderstand ACID Transaction processing within Camel
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Tools :

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Table of Contents

13 Chapters
1. Structuring Routes Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
2. Message Routing Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
3. Routing to Your Code Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
4. Transformation Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
5. Splitting and Aggregating Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
6. Parallel Processing Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
7. Error Handling and Compensation Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
8. Transactions and Idempotency Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
9. Testing Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
10. Monitoring and Debugging Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
11. Security Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
12. Web Services Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Index Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Customer reviews

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Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Half star icon 4.1
(17 Ratings)
5 star 52.9%
4 star 23.5%
3 star 11.8%
2 star 5.9%
1 star 5.9%
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Ravindra Godbole Aug 03, 2014
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
Very useful book for Apache Camel users for practical usage of framework. It provides live examples in Java as well as Spring DSL and list many best practices while authoring routes. A collection of complex routes deployed in various scenarios in the enterprises which are currently using Apache Camel will be great help to readers of the book [ apart from the per topic examples provided ]
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Brennan Apr 27, 2016
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Exactly what I was looking for to bootstrap a Camel+AMQ deployment. Easy to find what you're looking for, and shows both regular Java DSL's and Spring integrations.
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SuJo Sep 15, 2014
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
Wow! What an amazing book to get started with Apache Camel, I've never used this before and found this book immensely helpful. It was a practical read, very organized, and covered everything I expected to learn. The parallel processing was probably my favorite chapter, with error handling in a close 2nd place. The book was easily understood and well worth the $25, which if you catch a sale or one of the specials makes buying more than one book advantageous.Debugging and Security were on point and I'm always critical about these two areas, you need to find bugs and squash them along with maintaining the integrity of the application even on the security side. Overall I felt the book delivered and was not overdone, just enough to get me started while leaving room for growth which I would get into more advanced books for.Publisher Link: https://www.packtpub.com/application-development/apache-camel-developers-cookbook
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Thomas Walzer Jun 11, 2014
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tl;dr: buy nowThis book is essential reading for every serious Apache Camel developer. Its return on investment is great even if you only use a single recipe. But you will be able to use many of them. It greatly reduces the learning curve (and head scratching) and you will find a lot of material not covered anywhere else.This book will not gather dust on a shelf (or in the Amazon cloud), you will use it often.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Christian Posta Jan 07, 2014
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
Apache Camel is the de-facto standard java integration library with support for hundreds of components for talking to external systems, implementation of the enterprise integration patterns from the EIP book, all wrapped up in a declarative, expressive DSL. Throw in testing support out of the box, vibrant community, and production support, and you cannot beat it for integration work.Camel in Action is the authoritative book up to this point on understanding and using Apache Camel. This book builds on that foundational knowledge and demonstrates, step-by-step, how to use Camel to solve real world problems. The content is divided into small bite-sized chunks of functionality or recipes that explain how to solve a specific problem in both the XML and Java DSL as well as how it works and things to watch out for.If you just recently learned Camel and are looking for best practices for solving common integration problems, I highly recommend it. It's targeted toward a moderate to advanced leaning set of architects and developers who already have some experience with Camel.
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  4. Brunei Darussalam
  5. Central African Republic
  6. The Democratic Republic of Congo
  7. Eritrea
  8. Guinea-bissau
  9. Iran
  10. Lebanon
  11. Libiya Arab Jamahriya
  12. Somalia
  13. Sudan
  14. Russian Federation
  15. Syrian Arab Republic
  16. Ukraine
  17. Venezuela