Objects, Classes, and Traits

Scala is a multiparadigm language, which unites functional and OO programming. Now, we will explore Scala's traditional object-oriented programming facilities: object, classes, and traits.

These facilities are similar in the sense that each one contains some sets of data and methods, but they are different regarding life cycle and instance management:

• Objects are used when we need a type with one instance (such as singletons)
• Classes are used when we need to have many instances, which can be created with the help of the new operator
• Traits are used for mix-ins into other classes

Note that it is not worth navigating through code, as this is exposed in examples.

Object

We have seen an object in the previous chapter. Let's scroll through our codebase and open the file named Main in Lesson 2/3-project:

object Chatbot3 {
val effects = DefaultEffects
def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
   ….}
   def createInitMode() = (Bye or CurrentDate or CurrentTime...