Imagine a scenario where we came up with a prediction of a bounding box for an object. How do we measure the accuracy of our prediction? The concept of Intersection over Union (IoU) comes in handy in such a scenario.
Intersection within the term Intersection over Union measures how overlapping the predicted and actual bounding boxes are, while Union measures the overall space possible for overlap. IoU is the ratio of the overlapping region between the two bounding boxes over the combined region of both the bounding boxes.
This can be represented in a diagram as follows:
In the preceding diagram of two bounding boxes (rectangles), let's consider the left bounding box as the ground truth and the right bounding box as the predicted location of the object. IoU as a metric is the ratio of the overlapping region over the combined region between the two bounding boxes.
In the following diagram, you can observe the variation in the IoU metric as the overlap between bounding...
