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Machine Learning with PyTorch and Scikit-Learn

You're reading from   Machine Learning with PyTorch and Scikit-Learn Develop machine learning and deep learning models with Python

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Product type Paperback
Published in Feb 2022
Publisher Packt
ISBN-13 9781801819312
Length 774 pages
Edition 1st Edition
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Authors (3):
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Sebastian Raschka Sebastian Raschka
Author Profile Icon Sebastian Raschka
Sebastian Raschka
Yuxi (Hayden) Liu Yuxi (Hayden) Liu
Author Profile Icon Yuxi (Hayden) Liu
Yuxi (Hayden) Liu
Vahid Mirjalili Vahid Mirjalili
Author Profile Icon Vahid Mirjalili
Vahid Mirjalili
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Table of Contents (22) Chapters Close

Preface 1. Giving Computers the Ability to Learn from Data 2. Training Simple Machine Learning Algorithms for Classification FREE CHAPTER 3. A Tour of Machine Learning Classifiers Using Scikit-Learn 4. Building Good Training Datasets – Data Preprocessing 5. Compressing Data via Dimensionality Reduction 6. Learning Best Practices for Model Evaluation and Hyperparameter Tuning 7. Combining Different Models for Ensemble Learning 8. Applying Machine Learning to Sentiment Analysis 9. Predicting Continuous Target Variables with Regression Analysis 10. Working with Unlabeled Data – Clustering Analysis 11. Implementing a Multilayer Artificial Neural Network from Scratch 12. Parallelizing Neural Network Training with PyTorch 13. Going Deeper – The Mechanics of PyTorch 14. Classifying Images with Deep Convolutional Neural Networks 15. Modeling Sequential Data Using Recurrent Neural Networks 16. Transformers – Improving Natural Language Processing with Attention Mechanisms 17. Generative Adversarial Networks for Synthesizing New Data 18. Graph Neural Networks for Capturing Dependencies in Graph Structured Data 19. Reinforcement Learning for Decision Making in Complex Environments 20. Other Books You May Enjoy
21. Index

RNNs for modeling sequences

In this section, before we start implementing RNNs in PyTorch, we will discuss the main concepts of RNNs. We will begin by looking at the typical structure of an RNN, which includes a recursive component to model sequence data. Then, we will examine how the neuron activations are computed in a typical RNN. This will create a context for us to discuss the common challenges in training RNNs, and we will then discuss solutions to these challenges, such as LSTM and gated recurrent units (GRUs).

Understanding the dataflow in RNNs

Let’s start with the architecture of an RNN. Figure 15.3 shows the dataflow in a standard feedforward NN and in an RNN side by side for comparison:

Figure 15.3: The dataflow of a standard feedforward NN and an RNN

Both of these networks have only one hidden layer. In this representation, the units are not displayed, but we assume that the input layer (x), hidden layer (h), and output layer (o) are vectors...

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