1. Simple Encoding

Most of the time, attackers use very simple encoding algorithms such as Base64 encoding or xor encryption to obscure the data. The reason why attackers use simple algorithms is because they are easy to implement, takes fewer system resources, and are just enough to obscure the content from the security products and the security analyst.

1.1 Caesar Cipher

Ceaser cipher, also known as shift cipher, is a traditional cipher and is one of the simplest encoding techniques. It encodes the message by shifting each letter in the plaintext with some fixed number of positions down the alphabet. For example, if you shift character 'A' down 3 positions, then you will get 'D', and 'B' will be 'E' and so on,  wrapping back to 'A' when the shift reaches 'X'.

1.1.1 Working Of Caesar Cipher

The best way to understand Caesar cipher is to write down the letters from A to Z and assign an index, from 0 to 25, to these letters, as follows In other words, 'A' corresponds to index 0, 'B' corresponds...