Basics of remote sensing

Remote sensing is the measurement of characteristics or objects of Earth using the reflected radiation or signals that are transmitted from a device and then reflected back to it. For the first case, when the Sun is the primary source of energy, we call this passive remote sensing. By measuring reflected Electromagnetic Radiation (EMR), we try to make sense of the remote sensing data at hand. As different objects have different reflectance across the wavelength of EMR, we can identify different objects by comparing the observed reflectance against the typical reflectance.

Basic terminologies

We'll now briefly look at the following basic terminology of remote sensing:

• Bands: Usually, reflected...