What is AI?
How one defines AI can vary greatly. Philosophically, what is "intelligence?" How one perceives intelligence in turn defines its artificial counterpart. A broad and optimistic definition of the field of AI could be: "the area of computer science that studies how machines can perform tasks that would normally require a sentient agent." It could be argued from such a definition that something as simple as a computer multiplying two numbers is "artificial intelligence." This is because we have designed a machine capable of taking an input and independently producing a logical output that usually would require a living entity to process.
A more skeptical definition might be more narrow, for example: "the area of computer science that studies how machines can closely imitate human intelligence." From such definition skeptics may argue that what we have today is not artificial intelligence. Up until now, they have...