Implementing tests

After the motivations, requirements, and different scopes, let's have a closer look at how to craft test cases in Java Enterprise projects.

Unit tests

Unit tests verify the behavior of individual units of an application. In a Java EE application, this usually regards single entity, boundary, and control classes.

In order to unit test a single class, no exhaustive test case should be required. Ideally, instantiating the test object and setting up minimum dependencies should be sufficient to be able to invoke and verify its business functionality.

Modern Java EE supports this approach. Java EE components, such as EJBs as well as CDI managed beans are testable in a straightforward way by simply instantiating the classes. As we saw previously, modern enterprise components represent plain Java objects, including annotations, without extending or implementing technically motivated superclasses or interfaces, so-called no-interface views.

This allows tests to instantiate EJB or CDI...